Analysis of Trivalent Chromium and Iron in Chromium Plating bath

Pollution Prevention Technology Profile Trivalent Chromium Replacements for Hexavalent Chromium Plating

Performance Properties of Trivalent Chromium

A trivalent chromium electroplating process has been io use commercially in North America since its introduction in 1975. Based upon years of laboratory and in-plant experience and testing, many process performance characteristics and physical properties of deposits have been determined. This paper compares the performance of trivalent chromium with hexavalent chromium processes. Factors such a...

Waste Minimization in Chromium Plating Industry Waste Minimization in Chromium Plating Industry

Membrane electrolysis (ME) is the only commercial technology using ion-exchange membranes for chromic acid recycling and recovery. On one hand, the technology has a number of promising advantages, but on the other hand, it has not yet gained common acceptance probably due to a lack of operation stability and efficiency. Published results of the research can be divided into three categories: lab...

Total removal of heavy metal from mixed plating rinse wastewater ABSTRACT A mixed plating rinse wastewater containing zinc, hexavalent chromium, trivalent chromium, and cyanide with total dissolved solids

A mixed plating rinse wastewater containing zinc, hexavalent chromium, trivalent chromium, and cyanide with total dissolved solids of 424 mg/1 was treated by a model consisting of a sand filter and ion exchange columns. A strongly acidic cation resin in hydrogen form and a strongly basic anion resin in hydroxide form were used in the columns as cationic and anionic exchangers, respectively. The...

Urinary excretion of chromium as an indicator of exposure to trivalent chromium sulphate in leather tanning.

Two workers exposed to trivalent chromium sulphate in a leather tannery had high concentrations of chromium in the urine. The concentration of chromium showed a workshift-related diurnal fluctuation, but it was remarkably high even after a vacation, indicating accumulation of chromium in the body. The concentrations of chromium in the workplace air, as collected on filters using standard techni...